Apparatus for use in erecting masonry structures



March 30, 1948. E. G. MALTHOUSE 2,438,613

APPARATUS FOR USE IN ERECTING,MASONRY STRUCTURES Original Filed May 9,1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INvelvTa/g M 1. W 6 wdnw m wf a March 30, 1948.MALTHQUSE 2,438,613

APPARATUS FOR USE IN ERECTING MASONRY STRUCTURES Original Filed May 9,1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 3.

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March 30, 1948. E. G. MALTHOUSE 2,438,613

APPARATUS FOR USE IN ERECTING MASONRY STRUCTURES Original Filed May 9,1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 52 FIG. 7. '54- IN vemToR W N. mum/u 8 mm, (Le, M

Patented Mar. 30, 1948 APPARATUS FOR USE IN ERECTING MASONRY STRUCTURESErnest G. Malthouse, Sheflleld, England Original application May 9,1944, Serial No. 534,761. Divided and this application March 20, 1945,Serial No. 583,738.

April 17, 1943 7 Claims. 1

This invention relates to the erection of building structures by the useof units of large size and weight in comparison with single bricks. Itis particularly, but not exclusively, applicable for use in cases wherethe building units have at least one end stepped and inclined to thebase and in cases where the building units are preformed by laying,reinforcing and bonding bricks on a templet or base which has ribs orother projections locating the relative positions of the bricks anddetermining the width of clearances between their bonding faces.

The object of the invention is to provide improved apparatus for guidinga building unit to its base as it is being lowered vertically to itsappointed position in the structure and for en suring its correctalignment and vertical position in the structure.

Other objects are to provide means for enabling the apparatus to performother useful functions.

Additional objects will become apparent upon a perusal of the followingspecification.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating the erection of a wall byshaped building units lowered vertically into position.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a different shape ofunit.

Figure 3 is a partial perspective view illustrating the use of apparatusaccording to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a vertical section illustrating on a larger scale theapparatus shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a vertical section on a still larger scale of part of thehorizontal joints between two units.

Figures 6 and 7 are views similar to Figure 3 illustrating modificationsand Figure 8 is a perspective view illustrating the application of theinvention to a joint between stepped inclined ends of units.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

With reference first to Figures 1 and 2 which show the use of triangularbuilding units having at least one end stepped and inclined to the base,a concrete foundation 3| is laid and moulded with grooves 32 of a widthwhich is governed by the thickness of the wall to be built and cement isapplied in the grooves 32.

As shown in Figure 1 brickwork units 33, preformed, reinforced andbonded in a templet are lowered vertically onto their bases in a groove32 by the aid of any convenient hoisting tackle,

In Great Britain 2 adjacent units being separated by a distance equal tothe length of their apices, the stepped inclined ends of the units 33are prepared with cement as shown at 38 and like units 34 in an invertedposition are then lowered into the spaces between the units 33 firsterected as shown at the right hand end of Figure l.

The preformed brickwork units 33 and 34 are conveniently lifted andlowered by the aid of transverse reinforcing rods, the ends of which orof some of them may protrude through registering holes 36 in the bricksat the exposed bonding faces of the bricks as shown at 39. Some of theseprotruding ends may be screwed for attachment of bars, eyes or the liketo be engaged by the hoisting tackle whilst others may form dowels toengage holes in other units.

Figure 2 shows the units 33 and 34 shaped to provide vertical ends of awall, one only of each of these units being illustrated. For a longerwall these two units would be separated the requisite distance, thespace between them being occupied by a row of the units shaped as shownin Figure 1 but of a size which gives the same number of courses as theunits of Figure 2.

Having erected a row of the units 33 and 34 a second row of thebrickwork units is erected in two stages, the units 33 being lowered onto distance pieces (not shown) with the protruding ends 33 of thetransverse reinforcing rods in one row engaging some of the holes 36 inthe other row.

In order to facilitate erection of the second and subsequent rows of thebuilding units inclined guides 4| leadin to the uppermost horizontalbonding face of the previously erected section of the structure aretemporarily clamped to the top of that section. As shown in Figures 3, 4and 5 these guides 4| have plate-like extensions 42 embracing theuppermost course of bricks in the unit 34 to which they are clamped bymeans of bolts 43 fitted with nuts 44 and having heads 45. The nuts 44carry caps 46 to protect the bolt ends whilst the heads 45 are fittedwith handles 41 to facilitate application of the clamping pressure. Theplate-like extensions 42 of the guides carry beads 48 (Figure 5)determining by contact with the uppermost surface of the units 34 boththe correct positions of the guides 4| and the depth of pointing. a

When thus clamped in position the guide plates 4|, 42 form a. channel atthe top of the wall section and bonding material may be retained in thischannel by the aid of end barriers (not shown) of any convenient nature.

The plate-like extensions 42 of the guides are intended to project abovethe bonding face of the units 34 already erected and themselves to formvertical guides ensuring correct alignment and vertical position of theunits comprised in the second and subsequent rows.

After the units in the upper row have been lowered into position and thebonding material has set the guide plates 4|, 42, may be detached byunscrewing the bolts, 43, 45, 41 and withdrawing them, the holes thusleft in the joint being subsequently plugged. Wire rods or the like 49are shown extending from the guides 4| to their extensions 42, to whichthey may be secured by welding, to stiffen the guides and to be engagedby hooks (not shown) to facilitate their withdrawal from the top of therow of units which have last been erected, especially in the case ofcavity walls.

In many cases it will be desirable to provide and to affix the inclinedguides 4| in a number of lengths or sections for which purpose theirplate-like extensions 42 may be of a telescopic nature. As shown inFigure 6 the extensions 42 are corrugated at 50 in the direction of thecourses. Adjacent lengths or sections overlap and are slidable inrelation to one another, the bolts 43 engaging elongated holes or slotsin one or both of the overlapping portions.

The guide extensions 42 are shown perforated with a line of holesthrough which surplus bonding material ma escape when the upper unitsare lowered into position. As shown in Figure 7 the lower regions of theextensions 42 are shaped at 52 to form gutters to receive surplusbonding material admitted thereto through the perforations 5|. Thesegutters 52 in conjunction with the guides proper 4| also function toimpart telescopic properties to adjacent overlapping sections of guides.

If desired the inclined guides 4| may also be applied to the steppedends of the units 33 in the first stage of each erection step to assistin guiding the inverted unit as it is lowered into position, as shown inFigure 8, temporary wedges 35 and distance pieces 31 being preferablyalso used.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for use in erecting masonry wall structures and the like,comprising, in combination, a pair of guide members adapted to beapplied to opposite sides of the upper edge of a partially completedstructure; each of said members comprising a substantially verticalplate-like portion in contact with one side of said structure, and anupper portion bent outwardly from the structure to stand at an acuteangle thereto; and means for detachably connecting said guide members tosaid structure.

2. The apparatus set forth in claim 1 in which the plate-like verticalportions of the guide members extend upwardly somewhat above the topedge of the partially erected structure and are provided with a seriesof perforations along the upwardly extended parts of said plate-likeportions, and in which gutters are provided on said portions below saidperforations.

3. Apparatus for use in erecting masonry wall structures and the like,comprising, in combination, a pair of guide members adapted to beapplied to opposite sides of the upper edge of a partially completedstructure; each of said members comprising a substantially verticalplatelike portion in contact with one side of said structure andextending slightly above the level of the top edge of said structure,and an upper portion bent outwardly from the structure to stand at anacute angle thereto; and means for detachably connecting said guidemembers to said structure.

4. Apparatus for use in erecting masonry wall structures and the like,comprising, in combination, a pair of guide members adapted to beapplied to opposite sides of the upper edge of a partially completedstructure; each of said members comprising a substantially verticalplatelike portion, and an upper portion bent outwardly from thestructure to stand at an acute angle thereto; longitudinal beadsprojecting inwardly from each plate-like portion; and means fordetachably connecting said guide members to said structure one on eachside of a previously erected portion of the structure with the beads incontact with the top surface and the plate-like portions in contact withthe side faces thereof.

5. Apparatus for use in erecting masonry wall structures and the like,comprising, in combination, a pair of guide members adapted to beapplied to opposite sides of the upper edge of a partially completedstructure; each of said members comprising a substantially verticalplatelike portion adapted to contact with one side of said structure,and an upper portion bent outwardly from the structure to stand at anacute angle thereto; rod-like bracing elements extending from saidoutwardly bent upper portions to the plate-like lower portions; andmeans for detachably connecting said guide members to said structure.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said guide members areprovided in a number of substantially aligned sections, longitudinalcorrugations being provided in the plate-like portions thereof andhaving a telescoping engagement with the corresponding portions ofadjacent lengths.

7. Apparatus for use in erecting masonry wall structures and the like,comprising, in combination, a pair of guide members adapted to beapplied to opposite sides of the upper edge of a partially completedstructure; each of said members comprising a generally verticallydisposed lower portion having at least one vertical platelike partadapted to contact with one face of said structure, and an upperplate-like portion extending diagonally upwardly and outwardly from saidface to extend at an acute angle thereto; rod-like bracing strutsextending from said lower portions to said upper angled portions; andmeans adapted to extend across said partially completed structure fordetachably connecting the guide members on the respective sides thereofand securing them firmly to the side face of said structure.

ERNEST G. MALTHOUSE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,414,755 Smith May 2, 19221,855,394 Hill Apr. 26, 1932 2,076,534 Galbraith Apr. 13, 1937

